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Pleiades distance from Earth

They have seemingly nailed the distance at 444.0 light-years (136.2 parsecs), likewise accurate to within 1%. As can be seen in Figure 1, this results aligns with many of the previous results, with the primary obvious outlier the It’s really interesting (and a little concerning?) The Pleiades is a star cluster an approximately 400 light-year distance from Earth and near the constellations of Orion and Taurus in the night sky. The Pleiades being really close means even fainter members can be well-observed, which is much harder for more distant clusters, and helps us understand what’s going on at the lighter end of the mass scale too. So the theory and measurements can be compared.However, the Hipparcos data provided a distance lower than that assumed from the theoretical models, thereby suggesting either that the Hipparcos distance measurements themselves were off, or else that there was something wrong with the models of the life cycles of stars.

In this week's questions show, I consider what the benefits might be to humanity if we discover that we aren't alone in the Universe.

Credit: Rogelio Bernal Andreo A gorgeous deep image of the Pleiades, a nearby cluster of stars. A variety of methods have been used to try to get the distance to the cluster, some yielding a distance of about 415 light years to the cluster center, some 470.

Distance, Size, and Mass.

However, the European satellite Hipparcos, launched in … Every time two or more stars pass each other as they orbit the cluster center, the net effect is that less massive stars move toward the outskirts of the cluster and the more massive ones fall toward the center. The traditional method of measuring distance is by noting the precise position of a star and then measuring its slight change in position when Earth itself has moved to the other side of the sun. Historically, estimates had put the Pleiades’ distance at 400 light-years or so. In Greek mythology, the cluster represents the Seven Sisters, companions of the goddess Artemis and daughters of the sea-nymph Pleione and the Titan Atlas, who held the celestial spheres on his shoulders. The total mass contained in the cluster is estimated to be about 800 solar masses. Credit: A 3D plot of the positions of 1,600 Pleiades stars; the labeled axes on the top are position in the sky, and the third axis along the side is distance from Earth (in parsecs; 1 pc = 3.26 light years).

So to figure out the wattage of a distant light bulb, we have to know how far away it is.

Using data from the Mount Wilson stellar interferometer, next to the historic Mount Wilson Observatory, and the Palomar Testbed Interferometer at Caltech’s Palomar Observatory near San Diego, the team determined a precise orbit of the binary.Interferometry is an advanced technique that allows, among other things, for the “splitting” of two bodies so far away that they normally appear as a single blur, even in the biggest telescopes. The measurement, which used quasars as bright and consistent relative-distance markers, charted the famous "Seven Sisters" star cluster at 136.2 parsecs, or 444 light-years, away from Earth.

The Trumpler classification for the Pleiades as II,3,r (Trumpler, according to Kenneth Glyn Jones) or I,3,r,n (Götz and Sky Catalog 2000) – that is, the cluster appears detached and strong to mode… Under ideal observing conditions, some hint of nebulosity around the cluster may even be seen with small telescopes or average binoculars. The cluster includes seven bright stars that are easily seen with the naked eyes. I gather a bunch up each week and answer them here.The Guide to Space is a series of space and astronomy poddcasts by Fraser Cain, publisher of Universe TodayEpisode 678: Q&A 126: When Did Mars' Dynamo Shut Off?

In fact, this uncertainty regarding the depth of the cluster dominates the final result.The authors determined the Pleiades cluster distance to be 136.2 +/- 1.2 pc.

Then in 1997 the Hipparcos satellite re-measured the star’s distance using its parallax . The distance is a crucial factor (as it is in many astronomical studies) because the intrinsic luminosity of a star is determined by measuring its observed flux and then correcting for its distance.

The Pleiades is close enough that parallaxes can be measured for the individual stars in the cluster.

Maybe there’s something in the data making it look like all the bright stars were on the near side of the cluster!From previous work, I happen to know that Gaia has trouble getting measurements for very bright stars; they flood the detectors with light and make it hard to measure their positions accurately. Astronomers have been trying to answer this question for a long time, and things were going well until suddenly they were going not well at all.

Different methods yield different answers, and a recent mission that was supposed to help made things worse. With the Pleiades having an apparent diameter of ~2 degrees at a distance of 136 parsecs, its stars are spread out over ~5 parsecs in the plane of the sky. It has depth to it, so the measured distance to each star system is slightly different. The distance to the Pleiades can be used as a key first step to calibrate the Measurements of the distance have elicited much controversy. It is a It was formerly thought that the dust was left over from the Studies show that the dust responsible for the nebulosity is not uniformly distributed, but is concentrated mainly in two layers along the line of sight to the cluster. Usually the most massive stars (which are the brightest) fall toward the cluster center.

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